Newton's laws are often stated in terms of point or particle masses, that is, bodies whose volume is negligible. This is a reasonable approximation for real bodies when the motion of … 展开

First law
Translated from Latin, Newton's first law reads,
Every object perseveres in its state of rest, or of uniform motion in a … 展开

A rigid body is an object whose size is too large to neglect and which maintains the same shape over time. In Newtonian mechanics, the motion of … 展开

Classical mechanics can be mathematically formulated in multiple different ways, other than the "Newtonian" description (which itself, of … 展开

Physicists developed the concept of energy after Newton's time, but it has become an inseparable part of what is considered "Newtonian" … 展开

Nonlinear dynamics
Newton's laws of motion allow the possibility of chaos. That is, qualitatively speaking, physical systems obeying Newton's laws can exhibit sensitive dependence upon their initial conditions: a slight change of the … 展开

Thermodynamics and statistical physics
In statistical physics, the kinetic theory of gases applies Newton's laws of motion to large numbers (typically on the order of the Avogadro number) of particles. Kinetic theory can explain, for example, the pressure that … 展开