There are two principal methods used to generate random numbers. The first method measures some physical phenomenon that is expected to be random and then compe… 展开

Physical methods
The earliest methods for generating random numbers, such as dice, … 展开

Even given a source of plausible random numbers (perhaps from a quantum mechanically based hardware generator), obtaining numbers which are completely unbiased takes c… 展开

Whitening
The outputs of multiple independent RNGs can be combined (for example, using a bit-wise XOR operation) to provide a combined RNG at least as … 展开