An RCT in clinical research typically compares a proposed new treatment against an existing standard of care; these are then termed the 'experimental' and 'control' treatments, respectively. When no such generally accepted … 展开

The first reported clinical trial was conducted by James Lind in 1747 to identify a treatment for scurvy. The first blind experiment was conducted by the French Royal Commission … 展开

By study design
One way to classify RCTs is by study design. From most to least common in the healthcare literature, the … 展开

An RCT may be blinded, (also called "masked") by "procedures that prevent study participants, caregivers, or outcome assessors from knowing which intervention was received." Unlike allocation concealment, blinding is sometimes inappropriate … 展开

Although the principle of clinical equipoise ("genuine uncertainty within the expert medical community... about the preferred treatment") common to … 展开

The advantages of proper randomization in RCTs include:
• "It eliminates bias in treatment assignment," specifically selection bias and 展开

The types of statistical methods used in RCTs depend on the characteristics of the data and include:
• For dichotomous (binary) outcome data, logistic regression (e.g., … 展开